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| TYPES OF HAZARD / EXPOSURE | ACUTE HAZARDS / SYMPTOMS | PREVENTION | FIRST AID / FIRE FIGHTING |
| FIRE |
Combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.
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NO open flames.
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Powder, foam, carbon dioxide, water spray.
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| EXPLOSION |
Above 83°C explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed.
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Above 83°C use a closed system, ventilation.
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| EXPOSURE |
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AVOID ALL CONTACT!
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IN ALL CASES CONSULT A DOCTOR!
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| Inhalation |
Cough. Sore throat. Burning sensation. Shortness of breath. Headache. Symptoms may be delayed (see Notes).
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Ventilation, local exhaust, or breathing protection.
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Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer immediately for medical attention.
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| Skin |
MAY BE ABSORBED! Redness. Pain. Blisters. Skin burns.
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Protective gloves. Protective clothing.
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Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer immediately for medical attention.
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| Eyes |
Redness. Pain. Burns. Permanent loss of vision.
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Face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.
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Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.
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| Ingestion |
Burns in mouth and throat. Burning sensation in the throat and chest. Abdominal cramps. Vomiting. Convulsions. Shock or collapse. (Further see Inhalation).
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Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work. Wash hands before eating.
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Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer immediately for medical attention.
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| SPILLAGE DISPOSAL | PACKAGING & LABELLING | |||||||
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Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Ventilation. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in dry sand or inert absorbent and remove to safe place.
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Unbreakable packaging: put breakable packaging into closed unbreakable container. Do not transport with food and feedstuffs. Note: E EU Classification Symbol: T+ R: 45-25-26-34-43-68 S: 53-45 UN Classification UN Hazard Class: 6.1 UN Subsidiary Risks: 8 UN Pack Group: I GHS Classification Danger Combustible liquid Fatal if inhaled vapour Toxic if swallowed Causes severe skin burns and eye damage May cause allergic skin reaction Suspected of causing genetic defects May cause cancer Causes damage to liver, kidney, lung Causes damage to lung through prolonged or repeated exposure Harmful to aquatic life | |||||||
| EMERGENCY RESPONSE | STORAGE | |||||||
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Transport Emergency Card: TEC (R)-61S1595 or 61GTC1-I NFPA Code: H4, F2, R1. |
Separated from food and feedstuffs and incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Cool. Dry. Well closed. Ventilation along the floor. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.
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| IMPORTANT DATA | |||
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PHYSICAL STATE; APPEARANCE: COLOURLESS, OILY LIQUID. CHEMICAL DANGERS: The substance decomposes on heating or on burning producing toxic fumes including sulfur oxides. The solution in water is a medium strong acid. Reacts with water to produce sulfuric acid with evolution of heat. Reacts violently with concentrated ammonia, bases, acids and strong oxidants, causing fire and explosion hazard. OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS: TLV: 0.1 ppm as TWA, (skin), A3 (confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans); (ACGIH 2008). MAK: skin absorption (H); Carcinogen category: 2; (DFG 2008). |
ROUTES OF EXPOSURE: The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour, through the skin and by ingestion. INHALATION RISK: A harmful contamination of the air can be reached rather quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20°C. EFFECTS OF SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE: The substance is corrosive to the eyes, the skin and the respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. Inhalation may cause lung oedema (see Notes). The substance may cause effects on the liver and kidneys , resulting in impaired functions. Exposure far above the OEL may result in death. The effects may be delayed. Medical observation is indicated. EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM OR REPEATED EXPOSURE: Lungs may be affected by repeated or prolonged exposure to the vapour. This substance is probably carcinogenic to humans. Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization. | ||
| PHYSICAL PROPERTIES | |||
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Decomposes at 188 °C Melting point: -32°C Relative density (water = 1): 1.3 Solubility in water, g/100 ml at 18°C: 2.8 Vapour pressure, Pa at 20°C: 65 Relative vapour density (air = 1): 4.4 |
Relative density of the vapour/air-mixture at 20°C (air = 1): 1.00 Flash point: 83°C c.c. Auto-ignition temperature: 470°C Explosive limits, vol% in air: 3.6-23.3 Octanol/water partition coefficient as log Pow: 0.16 | ||
| ENVIRONMENTAL DATA | |||
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The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms.
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| NOTES | |||
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Commercial dimethyl sulfate may contain trace amounts of sulfuric acid. Depending on the degree of exposure, periodic medical examination is suggested. The symptoms of lung oedema often do not become manifest until a few hours have passed and they are aggravated by physical effort. Rest and medical observation are therefore essential. Immediate administration of an appropriate inhalation therapy by a doctor or a person authorized by him/her, should be considered. There is no odour warning even when toxic concentrations are present. Do NOT take working clothes home.
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| ADDITIONAL INFORMATION | |||
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| © IPCS, CEC 2005 | |||
See Also:
Toxicological Abbreviations
Dimethyl sulfate (EHC 48, 1985)
Dimethyl sulfate (HSG 29, 1989)
Dimethyl Sulfate (IARC Summary & Evaluation, Volume 71, 1999)