International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Summaries & Evaluations
CLOMIPHENE AND CLOMIPHENE CITRATE
VOL.: 21 (1979) (p. 551)
5. Summary of Data Reported and Evaluation
(N.B. - This section should be read in conjunction with the General Remarks on Sex Hormones and with
the General Conclusions on Sex Hormones.)
5.1 Experimental data
Clomiphene citrate was inadequately tested in one experiment in
newborn rats by subcutaneous injection; uterine and ovarian tumours
were reported.
Clomiphene citrate is embryolethal for pre- and postimplantation
embryos in several species and has various teratogenic effects in
rats.
5.2 Human data
There are a few case reports of the occurrence of malignant and benign
tumours at various sites in patients treated with clomiphene citrate,
but there is no evidence of a causal relationship.
No definite association between clomiphene citrate administration and
congenital defects in humans has been demonstrated.
5.3 Evaluation
The available experimental and human data are insufficient to evaluate
the carcinogenicity of clomiphene citrate.
Subsequent evaluation: Suppl. 7 (1987)
Last updated 01/12/98