For definition of Groups, see Preamble Evaluation.
VOL.: 57 (1993) (p. 185)
CAS No.:
Chem. Abstr. Name: 2-Nitro-1,4-benzenediamine
1,4-Diamino-2-nitrobenzene is used in permanent and semi-permanent hair dye formulations and for dyeing fur.
No data were available to the Working Group.
1,4-Diamino-2-nitrobenzene was tested for carcinogenicity by oral administration in the diet in one study in mice and in one study in rats. An increased incidence of liver-cell tumours was observed in female mice. No increase in the incidence of tumours was observed in male mice or in rats.
1,4-Diamino-2-nitrobenzene induced gene mutation in bacteria and in cultured mammalian cells. It did not induce gene mutation, mitotic crossing over or gene conversion in yeasts. It induced chromosomal aberrations, sister chromatid exchange and cell transformation in cultured mammalian cells and chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes in vitro. Equivocal responses were obtained for DNA damage induction in cultured rodent cells.
There was no evidence for induction of sister chromatid exchange, micronuclei, chromosomal aberrations or dominant lethal mutation in rodents dosed in vivo.
1,2,4-Triaminobenzene, a metabolite of 1,4-diamino-2-nitrobenzene, was mutagenic to bacteria.
There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of 1,4-diamino-2-nitrobenzene.
There is limited evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of 1,4-diamino-2-nitrobenzene.
1,4-Diamino-2-nitrobenzene is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity
to humans
(Group 3).
For definition of the italicized terms, see Preamble Evaluation.
Previous evaluation: Suppl. 7 (1987) (p. 61)
See Also:
Toxicological Abbreviations