INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMME ON CHEMICAL SAFETY
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
SAFETY EVALUATION OF CERTAIN
FOOD ADDITIVES
WHO FOOD ADDITIVES SERIES: 42
Prepared by the Fifty-first meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO
Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)
World Health Organization, Geneva, 1999
IPCS - International Programme on Chemical Safety
ANNEX 2
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE MONOGRAPHS
ADI acceptable daily intake
Aus-NZ Australia-New Zealand
BHA butylated hydroxyanisole
BHT butylated hydroxytoluene
bw body weight
CCFAC Codex Committee on Food Additives and Contaminants
CoA coenzyme A
DMBA 7,12-dimethylbenz [a]anthracene
DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
EU European Union
F female
F0 parental generation
F1 first filial generation
F2 second filial geneartion
F3 third filial generation
FAO Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations
FBS food balance sheet
FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1 s
FSDU foods for special dietary uses
GLP good laboratory practice
GSFA General Standard for Food Additives
HES household economic survey
HPLC high-performance liquid chromatography
IC50 median inhibitory concentration
Ig immunoglobulin
JECFA Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives
LC50 median lethal concentration
LD5-35 dose that is lethal to 5-35% of animals
LD50 median lethal dose
M male
MNNG N-methyl- N'-nitro- N-nitrosoguanidine
MRCA Market Research Corporation of America
NADP nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NADPH reduced form of NADP
ND not determined
N/D no intake data reported
NFCS National Food Consumption Survey
NOEL no-observed-effect level
NR not reported
N/R not required for evaluation
OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
PAPS 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate
PCR polymerase chain reaction
PhIP 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5- b]pyridine
QA quality assurance
RP reverse phase
S9 hepatic microsome fraction
S13 hepatic microsome and cytosol fraction
TBHQ tert-butylhydroquinone
TOS total organic solids
TPA 12- O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate
UDPGT UDP-glucuronosyltransferase
USDA US Department of Agriculture