FAO Nutrition Meetings
    Resort Series No. 44A
    WHO/Food Add./68.33




    TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF SOME
    FLAVOURING SUBSTANCES AND
    NON-NUTRITIVE SWEETENING AGENTS





    Geneva, 21-28 August 1967



    The Eleventh Report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food
    Additives is published as FAO Nutrition Meetings Report Series,
    1967, No. 44; Wld Hlth Org. techn. Rep. Ser., 1968, 383. This
    Report contains general considerations, including the principles
    adopted for the evaluation, and a summary of the results of the
    evaluations of a number of food additives. Additional information,
    such as biological data and a toxicological evaluation, considered at
    that meeting, is to be found in this document.


    Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
    World Health Organization
    1967


    ETHYL NONANOATE

    Synonym                  Ethyl pelargonate

    Chemical name            Ethyl nonanoate

    Empirical formula        C11H22O2

    Structural formula       CH3(CH2)7COOC2H5

    Molecular weight         186.30

    Definition               Ethyl nonanoate contains not less than 98 per
                             cent. C11H22O2.

    Description              A clear, colourless liquid having a fruity,
                             fat-like odour suggestive of cognac.

    Biological data

    Biochemical aspects

         No data available.

    Acute toxicity

                                                                       

    Animal          Route       LD50             References
                                (mg/kg 
                                body-weight)
                                                                       

    Rat             oral        >43 000          Jenner et al., 1964

    Guinea-pig      oral        24 190           Jenner et al., 1964
                                                                       

    Short-term studies

         Rat. A group of 5 male and 5 female rats were fed for 16 weeks
    on a diet containing 1 per cent. of ester with a control group of 10
    male and 10 female rats. No adverse effects were noted on body-weight
    gain, food consumption, general appearance, organ weight and
    histological examination of major organs (Hagan et al., 1967).

    Long-term studies

         None Available.

    Comments

         The short-term study is used as a basis for evaluation despite
    absence of metabolic information.  Biochemical and metabolic studies
    are needed.

    EVALUATION

    Level causing no toxic effect

         Rat. 1 per cent. (= 10 000 ppm) in the diet, equivalent to 500
    mg/kg body-weight/day.

    Estimate of acceptable daily intake for man

                                       mg/kg body-weight

         Conditional acceptance               0-1

    Further studies required

         Biochemical and metabolic studies in animals and man.

    REFERENCES

    Hagan, E. C., Hansen, W. H., Fitzhugh, O. G., Jenner, P. M., Jones, W.
    I., Taylor, J M., Long, E. L., Nelson, A. A. & Brouwer, J. B. (1967)
    Fd Cosmet. Toxicol., 5(2), 141

    Jenner, P. M., Hagan, E.C., Taylor, J. M., Cook, E. L. & Fitzhugh, O.
    G. (1964) Fd Cosmet. Toxicol., 2, 327
    

    See Also:
       Toxicological Abbreviations
       ETHYL NONANOATE (JECFA Evaluation)