PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN FOOD - 1981
Sponsored jointly by FAO and WHO
EVALUATIONS 1981
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Rome
FAO PLANT PRODUCTION AND PROTECTION PAPER 42
pesticide residues in food:
1981 evaluations
the monographs
data and recommendations
of the joint meeting
of the
FAO panel of experts on pesticide residues
in food and the environment
and the
WHO expert group on pesticide residues
Geneva, 23 November-2 December 1981
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
Rome 1982
ANNEX I
ACCEPTABLE DAILY INTAKES, MAXIMUM RESIDUE LIMITS AND GUIDELINES
LEVELS PROPOSED AT THE 1981 MEETING
These figures are additional to, or amend, those recorded in
Annexes of the reports of earlier meetings. Limits recommended at
meetings from 1965 - 1977 inclusive are summarized in document FAO/WHO
1978c.
This table includes maximum acceptable daily intake (ADIs),
maximum residue limits (MRLs) and guideline levels (GLs). These terms
are defined in Annex 3 of the Report of the 1975 Meeting. Part I lists
ADIs and MRLs. Some ADIs and MRLs are temporary; in these cases the
year in which further data are required is specified in parenthesis
below the ADI. Part II lists GLs.
New, as distinct from amended, recommendations are identified by
the symbol * before the commodity or before the ADI. Residue levels
at or about the limit of determination are followed by the symbol
**. (see para. 2.4)
Certain corrections of previous publications are included.
Amended recommendations are followed by the previous
recommendation in parenthesis.
PART 1. - ACCEPTABLE DAILY INTAKE(ADIs) and MAXIMIM RESIDUE LIMITS (MRLs)
Pesticide and ADI Commodity Recommended Remarks
date of previous (mg/ MRL
evaluations kg body (mg/kg)
weight)
acephate 0.02 potatoes 0.5 (1) MRLs are for acephate
1976, 1979 sugar beet 0.1 (1) only. Separate recommendations are made
for the metabolite methamidophos.
azocyclotin *0.003 *apples 0.1** As an ADI has been
*egg plant 0.1** allocated, previous GLs
*grapes 2 are replaced by MRLs.
*kidney beans 0.2 These are for the sum of
*strawberries 0.1** azocyclotin, cyhexatin,
dicyclohexyltin oxide
and cyclohexyltin hydroxide
oxide, expressed as azocyclotin.
sec-butylamine 0.1 Temporary ADI for free
1975, 1977, (1984) amine extended at same
1978, 1979, level. The temporary
nature of the ADI was
not indicated in the
report of the 1980
Meeting.
chinomethionat 0.003 *kaki persimmons 0.05 Temporary ADI extended
1968 (as oxythioquinox) (1984) *melons 0.1 at same level. MRLs
1974, 1977 *strawberries 0.2 are for chinomethionat.
*watermelons 0.02 Metabolites are not included.
chlorothatonil 0.005 Temporary ADI extended
1974, 1978, (1983) at lower level.
1979
PART 1. (con't)
Pesticide and ADI Commodity Recommended Remarks
date of previous (mg/ MRL
evaluations kg body (mg/kg)
weight)
chlorpyrifos 0.001 *kiwi fruit 2 The MRL is for chlorpyrifos.
1972, 1974, Metabolites are not
1975, 1977 included.
cyhexatin 0.008 Temporary ADI converted
1970, 1973 to ADI at same level.
(as tricyclohexyltin
hydroxide) 1974,
1978, 1980
cypermethrin 0.05 *coffee beans 0.05 Temporary ADI converted
1979 cotton seed 0.2 (0.1) to ADI at higher level.
*cucumbers 0.2 Previous temporary MRLs
*egg plants 0.2 replaced by MRLs.
*nectarines 2
*peppers 0.5
*alfalfa 5 MRLs for alfalfa, maize
*maize fodder 5 fodder, sorghum fodder
*sorghum fodder 5 and wheat straw are on
*wheat straw 5 dry weight basis.
*meat byproducts 0.2
*milk 0.01
*milk products 0.2
(fat basis)
*carcase meat 0.2
(carcase fat)
PART 1. (con't)
Pesticide and ADI Commodity Recommended Remarks
date of previous (mg/ MRL
evaluations kg body (mg/kg)
weight)
dichlofluanid 0.3 blackberries 10 (15) The temporary MRL is for
1969, 1974, (1982) dichlofluanid. Metabolites
1977, 1979 are not included.
diflubenzuron *0.004 *apples 1 Temporary MRLs are for
(1984) *Brussels sprouts 1 diflubenzuron. Metabolites
*cabbage 1 are not included.
*citrus fruit 1
*cottonseed 0.2
*mushrooms 0.2
*pears 1
*plums 1
*soybeans 0.1
*carcase meat 0.05**
*eggs 0.05**
*milk 0.05**
*meat byproducts 0.05**
*poultry meat 0.05**
edifenphos 0.003 *rice bran 1 Temporary ADI converted
1976, 1979 to ADI at same level.
*carcase meat of 0.02** Temporary MRLs replaced
cattle by MRLs. MILLs are for
*carcase meat by- edifenphos. Metabolites
products 0.02** are not included
*poultry byproducts 0.02**
*eggs 0.01'*
*poultry meat 0.02**
*milk 0.04**
PART 1. (con't)
Pesticide and ADI Commodity Recommended Remarks
date of previous (mg/ MRL
evaluations kg body (mg/kg)
weight)
fenvalerate 0.007 *brassica leafy Temporary ADI extended at
1979 (1982) vegetables 2 lower level. Temporary
MRLs are for fenvalerate.
*melons 0.2 Metabolites are not
*nuts 0.2 included
peaches 5 (2)
*peppers 2
squash 0.5 (0.2)
*root and tuber
vegetables 0.05
sweet corn 0.1 (0.05)
*watermelons 0.5
isofenphos *0.0005 *brassica leafy Temporary MRLs are for
(1982) vegetables 0.1 the sum of isofenphos
*celeriac 0.02** and its oxygen analogue.
*celery 0.02**
*maize 0.02**
*rapeseed 0.02**
*swedes 0.02**
*sweet corn 0.02**
*turnips 0.02**
*maize fodder 0.5 dry weight basis
*sweet corn fodder 0.5
*animal fats 0.02**
*carcase meat 0.02**
*cattle milk 0.01**
PART 1. (con't)
Pesticide and ADI Commodity Recommended Remarks
date of previous (mg/ MRL
evaluations kg body (mg/kg)
weight)
*poultry byproducts 0.02**
*meat byproducts 0.02**
*poultry meat 0.02**
mechamidophos 0.002 broccoli 1 (2) MRLs are for methamidohphos.
1976, 1979 lettuce 1 (2) Metablites are not included.
Methamidophos is a metabolite
for acephate for which separate
MRLs are recommended.
methiocarb *0.001 *apples 10 MRLs and temporary MRLs
(mercaptodimethur) *blueberries 25 are for the sum of
*cherries 10 methiocarb, its sulphoxide
*currants, red 5 and its sulphone.
*grapes 5
*maize 0.05
*peaches 15
*plums 1
*rice (in husk) 0.5
*strawberries 0.02**
*sugar beets 0.02
*beans, snap 0.2 ) These MRLs are temporary,
*beans, lima 0.2 ) pending the evaluation
*boccoli 0.2 ) of further information
*brussels sprouts 0.2 ) on good agricultural
PART 1. (con't)
Pesticide and ADI Commodity Recommended Remarks
date of previous (mg/ MRL
evaluations kg body (mg/kg)
weight)
*cabbage 0.2 ) practice in the use
*cauliflower 0.2 ) of methiocarb.
*corn, sweet 0.05 )
*citrus 0.02 )
*lettuce 0.2 )
*tomatoes 0.2 )
omethoate 0.0005 Temporary ADI extended
1971, 1975, (1985) at same level.
1978, 1979
paraquat 0.002 soybeans 0.2(0.1) The MRL is for paraquat
1970, 1972, cation.
1976, 1978 Metablites are not included.
permethrin 0.03 *citrus fruits 0.5 Temporary ADI extended at
1979, 1980 (1982) gherkins 0.5(0.1) same level. Temporary
kale 5 (2) MRLs are for permethrin
*soybean oil 0.1 (sum of isomers). Metabolites
squash 0.5(0.1) are not included. The limit
for soybean oil was proposed
by the 1979 meeting, but omitted
from the list of recommendations.
phenthoate 0.001 *rice (husked) 0.05 The MRL is for phenthoate.
1980 (1984) Metabolites are not included.
PART 1. (con't)
Pesticide and ADI Commodity Recommended Remarks
date of previous (mg/ MRL
evaluations kg body (mg/kg)
weight)
phosmet 0.02 apples 10 (1) MRLs are for the sum
1976, 1978, apricots 5 (1) phosmet and its oxygen
1979 cranberries 10 (5) analogue.
grapes 10 (5)
nectarines 5 (1)
peaches 10 (1)
pears 10 (1)
pirimicarb 0.01 citrus fruits MRLs are for the sum of
1976, 1978, (1982) (except oranges) 0.05** pirimicarb, its N_-formyl
1979 *cottonseed 0.05** (methylamino) analogue
*leeks 0.5 (desmethylformamido-pirimicarb)
*oranges 0.5 and desmethyl pirimicarb.
*pecans 0.05**
*pome fruits 1
*spinach 1
*sweet corn 0.05**
*watercress 1
propoxur 0.02 The MRL of 0.05 mg/kg for
1973 propoxur in cocoa beans is
withdrawn because it is below
the limit of determination of
currently available method of
analysis.
PART 1. (con't)
Pesticide and ADI Commodity Recommended Remarks
date of previous (mg/ MRL
evaluations kg body (mg/kg)
weight)
2,4,5-T 0.03 Temporary ADI converted
1971, 1979 to ADI at higher level.
Previous temporary MRLs
replaced by MRLs.
tecnazene 0.01 Temporary ADI extended
1978 (1983) at same level.
thiabendazole 0.3 strawberries 3 (1) The MRL is for thiabendazole.
1970, 1971,
1972, 1975,
1977, 1979
thiadimefon *0.01 *apples 0.5 As a temporary ADI
1979 (1983) *barley 0.1** has been allocated,
*coffee beans 0.1** previous GLs are
*cucumbers 0.2 replaced by temporary
*currants (black MRLs. These are for the
and red) 1 sum of triadimefon and
*grapes 2 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-
*hops (dry) 15 dimethyl-l-(1,2,4-triazol-
*melons 0.5 1-yl)butan-2-ol ("triadimenol").
*oats 0.1**
*onions, spring 0.1**
*paprika 0.5
*peas 0.1**
*pumpkins 0.1**
*raspberries 0.2
*strawberries 0.2
PART 1. (con't)
Pesticide and ADI Commodity Recommended Remarks
date of previous (mg/ MRL
evaluations kg body (mg/kg)
weight)
*sugar beets 0.1**
*sugar beet leaves 0.1**
*tomatoes 0.5
*wheat 0.1**
*barley straw 2
*oat straw 2
*wheat straw 2
*carcase meat 0.1**
*eggs 0.1**
*milk 0.1**
* Amended recommendations are followed by the previous recommendation in parenthesis.
PART 2. - GUIDELINE LEVELS (GLs) NO ADIs
Pesticide and Commodity GL Remarks
reference to (mg/kg)
previous evaluations
deltamethrin cereal grains 2 (1) GLs are for
1980 *cereal straw 0.5 deltamethrin.
*hops (dry) 5 Metabolites are
*kiwi fruit 0.05 not included.
wheat bran (unprocessed) 5 (2)
*wheat flour (wholemeal) 2
procymidone *apples 5 GLs are for
*beans, kidney 2 procymidone.
*cherries 5 Metabolites are
*cucumbers 2 not included.
*currants (black, red,
white) 10
*egg plant 2
*gherkins 2
*grapes 5
*kiwi fruit 7
*lettuce 5
*melons 1
*nectarines 10
*onions 0.2
*peaches 10
*peppers 5
*potatoes 0.1
*raspberries 5
*rice (husked) 3
*rice (polished) 1
*strawberries 10
*sunflower seed 2
*tomatoes 5
ANNEX II
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See Also: Toxicological Abbreviations