PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN FOOD - 1983
Sponsored jointly by FAO and WHO
EVALUATIONS 1983
Data and recommendations of the joint meeting
of the FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues
in Food and the Environment and the
WHO Expert Group on Pesticide Residues
Geneva, 5 - 14 December 1983
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Rome 1985
ANNEX I
ACCEPTABLE DAILY INTAKES, MAXIMUM RESIDUE LIMITS AND GUIDELINE
LEVELS PROPOSED AT THE 1983 MEETING
These figures are additional to, or amend, those recorded in
Annexes of the reports of earlier meetings. Limits recommended at
meetings from 1965-1977 inclusive are summarized in document FAO/WHO
1978c.
This table includes maximum acceptable daily intakes (ADIs),
maximum residue limits (MRLs) and guideline levels (GLs). These terms
are defined in Annex 3 of the Report of the 1975 Meeting. Part I lists
ADIs and MRLs. Some ADIs and MRLs are temporary; in these cases the
year in which further data are required is specified in parentheses
below the ADI. Part 2 lists GLs.
New, as distinct from amended, recommendations are identified by
the symbol * before the commodity or before the ADI. Residue levels
at or about the limit of determination are followed by the symbol
**.
Amended recommendations are followed by the previous
recommendation in parentheses.
PART 1. - ACCEPTABLE DAILY INTAKES (ADIs) and MAXIMUM RESIDUE LIMITS (MRLs)
Pesticide and ADI Commodity Recommended Remarks
year of (mg/kg MRL
previous body (mg/kg)
evaluations weight)
amitraz 0.0005 carcase meat 0.1 (0.2) The previously
1980 (1984) of sheep recommended temporary
MRL of 0.5 mg/kg in
cucumbers is reaffirmed.
MRLs are for the sum of
amitraz, calculated as
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-
N-methylformamidine, and
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-
N-methylformamidine.
azocyclotin 0.003 beans 0.2 (0.5) MRLs are for the sum of
1979, 1981, azocyclotin, cyhexatin
1982 and dicyclohexyltin
oxide, expressed as
cyhexatin.
MRLs for azocyclotin
and cyhexatin are not
additive (see paras
4.3 and 4.15).
benomyl *0.02 ADIs have been
1973, 1975, estimated for benomyl
1978 and carbendazim. MRLs for
carbendazim apply also
to benomyl.
bitertanol *0.005 Residue data to be
(1987) evaluated in 1984.
PART 1. (continued)
Pesticide and ADI Commodity Recommended Remarks
year of (mg/kg MRL
previous body (mg/kg)
evaluations weight)
bromide ion 1 *celery 300
1968, 1969, *cucumbers 50
1971, 1979, *tomatoes 75
1981
carbendazim *0.01 apricots 10 (5) As an ADI has been
1973, 1976, *asparagus1 0.1** estimated, previously
1977, 1978 *blueberries 5 recorded GLs are
*chestnuts1 0.2 replaced by MRLs.
*eggplant 0.5 Only new and amended
grapes 10 (5) limits are listed here.
*hops, dry 50 They are for carbendazim.
melons 2 (0.5) Metabolites are not
*oats 0.5 included.
*onions 2
*peppers 5 1 MRLs based on data
*pineapples1 20 from treatment with
*rutabagas 0.1** benomyl.
*soybeans 0.2
*sweet
potatoes1 1
*taro1 0.1**
bean fodder 50 (30 for
bean vines)
peanut hay 5 (2)
peanut hulls1 1 (0.2)
rice straw 15 (2)
*soybean hay 0.1**
sugarbeet tops 10 (5)
wheat straw1 5 (2)
PART 1. (continued)
Pesticide and ADI Commodity Recommended Remarks
year of (mg/kg MRL
previous body (mg/kg)
evaluations weight)
carbophenothion 0.0005 The definition of the
1972, 1976, residue in commodities of
1977, 1979, plant origin is changed,
1980 and is now identical
to that in commodities of
animal origin: sum of
carbophenothion, its
sulphoxide and its
sulphone, expressed as
carbophenothion.
chlorothalonil 0.005 lima beans 0.5 (0.5 Temporary ADI extended at
1974, 1977, (1985) (without pod) for same level. The definition
1978, 1979, lima of the residue is changed
1981 beans) to chlorothalonil. Metabolites
are not included. The
temporary MRL for grapes
(5 mg/kg) remains temporary,
irrespective of the status
of the ADI, pending further
residues data (see para
4.11).
chlorpyrifos 0.01 *dried vine 2 MRLs are for chlorpyrifos.
1972, 1974, fruit Metabolites are not
1975, 1977, included.
1981, 1982
PART 1. (continued)
Pesticide and ADI Commodity Recommended Remarks
year of (mg/kg MRL
previous body (mg/kg)
evaluations weight)
cyanofenphos No ADI Temporary ADI withdrawn.
1975, 1978, Temporary MRLs replaced
1980, 1982 by Gls.
cyhexatin 0.008 beans 0.2 (0.5) MRLs are for the sum of
1970, 1973, *Kiwi fruit 5 cyhexatin and dicyclohexyltin
1974, 1975, peaches 5 (2) oxide, expressed
1977, 1978, as cyhexatin.
1980, 1981, MRLs for cyhexatin and
1982 azocyclotin are not
additive (see paras
4.3 and 4.15).
dichlofluanid 0.3 Temporary ADI replaced
1969, 1974, by ADI at same level.
1977, 1979, Temporary MRLs replaced
1981, 1982 by MRLs.
diflubenzuron 0.004 mushrooms 0.1 (0.2) Temporary MRLs are for
1981 (1984) plums MRL (1) diflubenzuron.
withdrawn Metabolites are not
included.
ethiofencarb 0.1 beans 2 (0.5) MRLs are for the sum of
1977, 1978, (with pod) ethiofencarb, its
1981, 1982 sulphoxide and its
sulphone.
PART 1. (continued)
Pesticide and ADI Commodity Recommended Remarks
year of (mg/kg MRL
previous body (mg/kg)
evaluations weight)
ethion 0.001 The definition of the
1968, 1969, (1985) residue is changed to
1970, 1972, ethion. Metabolites
1975, 1982 are not included.
fenchlorphos 0.01 The definition of the
1968, 1972 residue in commodities
of plant origin is
changed to fenchlorphos
and is now identical to
that in commodities of
animal origin.
fenitrothion 0.001 oranges 2 (0.2) The definition of the
1969, 1974, (1984) *mandarins 2 residue is changed to
1976, 1977, fenitrothion. Metabolites
1979, 1982 are not included.
The MRLs for oranges and
mandarins remain
temporary, irrespective
of the status of the ADI,
pending the receipt of
information on GAP.
PART 1. (continued)
Pesticide and ADI Commodity Recommended Remarks
year of (mg/kg MRL
previous body (mg/kg)
evaluations weight)
mecarbam 0.001 *citrus fruit 2 Temporary ADI extended at
1980 (1985) same level. Temporary
MRL replaces the temporary
MRL for oranges at the
same level. It is for
mecarbam. Metabolites
are not included.
methiocarb 0.001 *Chinese radishes 5 Previously estimated ADI
1981 citrus fruit 0.05**(0.02) confirmed. MRLs are for
*sorghum 5 the sum of methiocarb,
strawberries 0.05** (0.02**) its sulphoxide and its
sugarbeets 0.05** (0.02) sulphone.
apples MRL withdrawn (10) MRLs withdrawn pending
blueberries " " (25) toxicological re-
cherries " " (10) evaluation by JMPR (see
currants (red) " " (5) report, para. 4.33).
grapes " " (5)
peaches " " (15)
*eggs 0.05**1 1 MRLs do not allow for
*meat 0.05**1 possible feeding of straw
*milk 0.05**1 and similar fodder from
*poultry 0.05**1 crops sprayed with
methiocarb to repel birds.
oxamyl 0.01 bananas 0.2 (0.05**) Temporary ADI extended at
1980 (1984,FAO) *coffee beans 0.1 same level. Previously
(1985,WHO) cucumbers 0.5 (2) recommended MRLs for
*onions 0.05** maize and soybeans were
soybeans (dry) 0.1 (0.05**) temporary, irrespective
PART 1. (continued)
Pesticide and ADI Commodity Recommended Remarks
year of (mg/kg MRL
previous body (mg/kg)
evaluations weight)
*sugarcane 0.05** of the status of the ADI,
pending the receipt of
data on residues and use
patterns, which have now
been supplied.
Temporary MRLs are for
the sum of oxamyl and
its oxime, expressed as
oxamyl.
permethrin 0.05 beans 1 (0.5 for MRLs are for permethrin
1979, 1980, (with pod) beans, whole (sum of isomers).
1981, 1982 green) Metabolites are not
*legume 0.1 included.
oilseeds
*sorghum 20 (on a dry
fodder weight
basis)
2-phenylphenol 0.02 ADI replaced by
1969, 1975 (1985) temporary ADI at lower
level. MRLs replaced
by temporary MRLs.
phorate 0.0002 Temporary ADI extended
1977, 1982 (1985) at same level.
PART 1. (continued)
Pesticide and ADI Commodity Recommended Remarks
year of (mg/kg MRL
previous body (mg/kg)
evaluations weight)
phoxim 0.0005 *beans 0.05** MRLs are for phoxim.
1982 (1984) *cauliflower 0.05** Metabolites are not
*cereal grains 0.05** included.
*cottonseed 0.05**
*lettuce 0.1
*potatoes 0.05**
*tomatoes 0.2
*carcase meat 0.2 (in the
of cattle carcase fat)
*carcase meat 1 (in the
of sheep carcase fat)
pirimiphos-methyl *0.01 The definition of the
residue in commodities
1974, 1976, of plant origin is
1977, 1979 changed to pirimiphos-methyl
and is now identical to
that in commodities of
animal origin.
prochloraz *0.01 *barley 0.05**
*citrus fruit 5
*mushrooms 2 MRLs are for prochloraz.
*oats 0.05** Metabolites are not
*rye 0.05** included. The MRL for
*wheat 0.05** citrus is temporary
l until information on
PART 1. (continued)
Pesticide and ADI Commodity Recommended Remarks
year of (mg/kg MRL
previous body (mg/kg)
evaluations weight)
*barley straw 0.2 GAP is provided.
*oat straw 0.2
*rye straw 0.2
*wheat straw 0.2
*avocados 5 MRLs are for the sum of
*bananas 5 prochloraz and its free
*mangos 2 and conjugated metabolites
*papayas 1 containing the 2,4,6-tri=
*rapeseed 0.5 chlorophenol moiety.
*stone fruit 1 They are all temporary
until information on GAP
and/or trials data in
which residues are
determined as prochloraz
have been provided.
propineb 0.005 Temporary ADI extended at
1977, 1980 (1985) same level.
propoxur 0.02 cereal grains 0.1 (0.5) The definition of the
1973, 1977, residue is changed to
1981 fodders and 1 (5) propoxur. Metabolites
straws (green) are not included.
legume animal 1 (5) The amended MRLs have
feeds (green) been lowered to accommodate
the revised residue
definition.
PART 1. (continued)
Pesticide and ADI Commodity Recommended Remarks
year of (mg/kg MRL
previous body (mg/kg)
evaluations weight)
tecnazene 0.01 Temporary ADI replaced
1974, 1978, by ADI at same level.
1981 Temporary MRLs replaced
by MRLs.
thiram 0.005 Temporary ADI extended
1965, 1967, (1985) at same level.
1970, 1974,
1977, 1980
triadimefon 0.01 *pineapple 2 Temporary ADI extended
1979, 1981 (1985) *pome fruit 0.5 at same level. MRLs
wheat 0.2 (0.1**) are for the sum of
triadimefon and
*fodder beet 0.1** "triadimenol".
*fodder beet 0.1**
leaves
*poultry meat 0.1**
triazophos 0.0002 *bananas 2 Temporary MRLs are for
1982 (1986) *Brussels sprouts 0.1 triazophos. Metabolites
*cabbage 0.1 are not included.
*carrots 0.1
*cereal grains 0.5**
*citrus fruit 2
*coffee beans 0.05**
*cottonseed 0.1
*onions 0.1
PART 1. (continued)
Pesticide and ADI Commodity Recommended Remarks
year of (mg/kg MRL
previous body (mg/kg)
evaluations weight)
*pome fruit 0.2
*peas 0.1
*potatoes 0.5**
*sugarbeet 0,05**
PART 2. - GUIDELINE LEVELS (GLs) (NO ACCEPTABLE DAILY INTAKES)
Pesticide and Commodity Remarks
year of GL
previous (mg/kg)
evaluations
azinphos-ethyl The definition of the residue
1973 is changed to azinphos-ethyl.
Metabolites are not included.
butocarboxim *apples 2 GLs are for the sum of
*beans (with pod) 5 butocarboxim, its sulphoxide
*cabbage 1 and its sulphone, expressed
*citrus fruit 2 as butocarboxim.
*lettuce 2
*radishes 2 The GL for lettuce is based
*stone fruit 5 exclusively on data from
*sugarbeet 0.1 trials on outdoor crops.
*tomatoes 1
*sugarbeet leaves 5
nitrofen *wheat 0.01** GLs are for nitrofen.
*wheat straw 0.05 Metabolites are not included.
ANNEX II
PREVIOUS FAO AND WHO DOCUMENTS
FAO/WHO. Principles governing consumer safety in relation to
1962 pesticide residues. Report of a meeting of a WHO Expert
Committee on Pesticide Residues held jointly with the FAO
Panel of Experts on the Use of Pesticides in Agriculture.
FAO Plant Production and Protection Division Report.
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FAO/WHO. Evaluation of the toxicity of pesticide residues in
1964 food; report of a Joint Meeting of the FAO Committee on
Pesticides in Agriculture and the WHO Expert Committee on
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WHO/Food Add./23 (1964).
FAO/WHO. Evaluation of the toxicity of pesticide residues in food.
1965a Report of the Second Joint Meeting of the FAO Committee on
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FAO/WHO. Evaluation of the toxicity of pesticide residues in food.
1965b FAO Meeting Report, No.PL:1965/10/1: WHO Food Add./27.65.
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1975b 1974/M/11: WHO Pesticide Residues Series, No. 4.
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FAO/WHO. Pesticide residues in food. Report of the 1977 Joint Meeting
1978a of the FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues and the
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FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper 10 Rev.
FAO/WHO. 1977 evaluations of some pesticide residues in food. FAO
1978b Plant Production and Protection Paper 10 Sup.
FAO/WHO. Pesticide residues in food. Report of the 1978 Joint Meeting
1979a of the FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues in Food
and the Environment and the WHO Expert Group on Pesticide
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FAO/WHO. 1978 evaluations of some pesticide residues in food. FAO
1979b Plant Production and Protection Paper 15 Sup.
FAO/WHO. Pesticide residues in food. Report of the 1979 Joint Meeting
1980a of the FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues in Food
and the Environment and the WHO Expert Group on Pesticide
Residues. FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper 20.
FAO/WHO. 1979 evaluations of some pesticide residues in food. FAO
1980b Plant Production and Protection Paper 20 Sup.
FAO/WHO. Pesticide residues in food. Report of the 1980 Joint Meeting
1981a of the FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues in Food
and the Environment and the WHO Expert Group on Pesticide
Residues. FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper 26.
FAO/WHO. 1980 evaluations of some pesticide residues in food. FAO
1981b Plant Production and Protection Paper 26 Sup.
FAO/WHO. Pesticide residues in food. Report of the 1981 Joint Meeting
1982a of the FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues in Food
and the Environment and the WHO Expert Group on Pesticide
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FAO/WHO. 1981 evaluations of some pesticide residues in food. FAO
1982b Plant Production and Protection Paper 42.
FAO/WHO. Pesticide residues in food. Report of the 1982 Joint Meeting
1983a of the FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues in Food
and the Environment and the WHO Expert Group on Pesticide
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FAO/WHO. 1982 evaluations of some pesticide residues in food. FAO
1983b Plant Production and Protection Paper 49.
FAO/WHO. Pesticide residues in food. Report of the 1983 Joint Meeting
1984a of the FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues in Food
and the Environment and the WHO Expert Group on Pesticide
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FAO/WHO. 1983 evaluations of some pesticide residues in food. FAO
1984b Plant Production and Protection Paper
See Also: Toxicological Abbreviations