PHOSPHAMIDON                           JMPR 1972

    Explanation

    Phosphamidon was considered in the Joint Meetings in 1965, 1966, 1968
    and 1969 (FAO/WHO, 1965, 1967, 1969, 1970). In 1968, further
    information was required on (1) the rates and frequencies of
    application, pre-harvest intervals, and the resultant residues from
    different countries and (2) the nature and persistence of the residues
    in fruits and vegetables (fresh and processed) (FAO/WHO, 1969). The
    third question asked in the Meeting on a specific analytical method
    was dealt with in the 1969 Meeting (FAO/WHO, 1970).

    RESIDUES IN FOOD AND THEIR EVALUATION

    USE PATTERN

    Phosphamidon is a systemic insecticide which acts against
    non-resistant sucking pests and many chewing and mining insects. It is
    recommended for application in perennial crops (fruit trees, citrus
    trees, grapevine) and annual field plantations (rice, cotton, tobacco,
    sugar cane, beets, potatoes, vegetables, fodder crops, cereals). Its
    most important application so far has been in the control of stem
    borers, particularly in rice.

    According to available information, phosphamidon is officially
    registered and/or approved for use in 56 countries.

    Pre-harvest treatments

    Mean application rates are: 30-60 g a.i./100 l for fruit and citrus
    trees, and grapevines; 0.2-0.4 kg a.i./ha for field and forage crops;
    0.25-0.5 kg a.i./ha for vegetables; and 0.2-1.5 kg a.i./ha for rice
    and sugar cane.

    Multiple applications of phosphamidon are often utilized, depending on
    pest incidence, and use recommendations allow for these treatments.
    Several applications throughout the season are required against
    aphids. In rice and sugar cane, stemborer control is normally achieved
    with 2-4 applications.

    RESIDUES RESULTING FROM SUPERVISED TRIALS

    New residue data were made available to the Joint Meeting from
    different countries. These data supported the residue levels
    summarized by the 1968 Meeting (FAO/WHO, 1969). No alteration was
    needed on the basis of the new information.

    RECOMMENDATIONS

    TOLERANCES

    The Joint Meeting decided to recommend the temporary tolerances set by
    the 1968 Meeting as tolerances.

                                                 ppm

         Raw cereals                             0.1

         Apples, pears                           0.5

         Citrus fruit                            0.4

         Cucumbers, lettuce, tomatoes,
         water-melons                            0.1

         Cole crops, other vegetables
         except root vegetables                  0.2

         Root vegetables, potatoes               0.05*

         * at or about the limit of determination

    Remarks

    Tolerances apply to the sum of phosphamidon and its desethyl
    derivative.

    FURTHER WORK OR INFORMATION

         None

    REFERENCES

    FAO/WHO. (1965) Evaluation of the toxicity of pesticide residues in
    food. FAO/PL/1965/10/1; WHO/Food Add./27.65.

    FAO/WHO. (1967) Evaluation of some pesticide residues in food.
    FAO/PL:CP/15; WHO/Food Add./67.32.

    FAO/WHO. (1969) 1968 evaluations of some pesticide residues in food.
    FAO/PL/1968/M/9/1; WHO/Food Add./69.35.

    FAO/WHO. (1970) 1969 evaluations of some pesticide residues in food.
    FAO/PL/1969/M/17/1; WHO/Food Add./70.38.
    

    See Also:
       Toxicological Abbreviations
       Phosphamidon (ICSC)
       Phosphamidon (PIM 454)
       Phosphamidon (FAO Meeting Report PL/1965/10/1)
       Phosphamidon (FAO/PL:CP/15)
       Phosphamidon (FAO/PL:1968/M/9/1)
       Phosphamidon (FAO/PL:1969/M/17/1)
       Phosphamidon (WHO Pesticide Residues Series 4)
       Phosphamidon (Pesticide residues in food: 1982 evaluations)
       Phosphamidon (Pesticide residues in food: 1986 evaluations Part II Toxicology)