PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN FOOD - 1981 Sponsored jointly by FAO and WHO EVALUATIONS 1981 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome FAO PLANT PRODUCTION AND PROTECTION PAPER 42 pesticide residues in food: 1981 evaluations the monographs data and recommendations of the joint meeting of the FAO panel of experts on pesticide residues in food and the environment and the WHO expert group on pesticide residues Geneva, 23 November-2 December 1981 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome 1982 DISULFOTON Explanation Disulfoton was evaluated by the JMPR in 1973, 1975 and 1979.* New data on residues in alfalfa green forage were received from Bayer AG. RESIDUES IN FOOD RESIDUES RESULTING FROM SUPERVISED TRIALS Alfalfa Residue trials were carried out in 1975 and 1976 in a number of states in the US. Applications were usually at 16 oz a.i./acre (1.12 kg/ha) although 8 or 32 oz a.i./acre (0.56 or 2.24 kg/ha) were used in two treatments. Formulations used were either 15 G granules or a foliar spray based on a 6% liquid concentrate. Plot sizes varied, and the volume applied was between 37 and 92 l/ha. Rainfall was recorded for each trial and in the driest conditions, the States of Arizona and California where the rainfall was less than 3.8 cm, flood irrigation was applied. Where there was adequate rainfall during the trial, most residues were at or about the limit of determination, 0.01 mg/kg (not all results at this level are recorded in Table 1) at 30 to 120 days after treatment. The occasional high results can be related to rainfall or irrigation. For example, the schedule resulting in the highest residue of 4.26 mg/kg was as follows: granular application 4 February irrigation of 10 cm 27 February sampling 28 February Total rain during the period 4 February to 2 March was 1.8 cm. Grass Grass grown under pecan trees treated with 15% granules contained up to 14 mg/kg, most results being in the range 0.5 to 10 mg/kg up to 60 days after treatment (Table 2). * See Annex II for FAO and WHO documentation. TABLE 1. Residues of disulfoton in alfalfa green forage Interval last Application application to Residues rate sampling (days) (mg/kg) (kg a.i./ha) granules 15 G broadcast on established stubble 14 1.82, 1.31 1.12 4.26, 1.81 2.24 28 0.25, 0.25 1.12 0.86, 0.95 2.24 granules 15 G broadcast on seedlings 45 0.1, 0.01 1.12 70 0.02, <0.01 1.12 89 0.2, <0.01 1.12 120 0.1, 0.1 1.12 foliar spray on established stubble 30 0.16, 0.14, 0.01, 0.01 45 0.08, 0.03, 0.04, 0.01 60 0.02, <0.01, <0.01, <0.01 foliar spray on seedlings 46 11.3, 0.12, 1.0, 0.03, 0.02 65 12.0, 3.0, <0.01, <0.01 93 0.1, <0.01, <0.01 120 0.03, 0.25, 0.08, 0.03, 0.04 1 low rainfall + irrigation. TABLE 2. Residues of disulfoton in grass Interval last application Residues to sampling (days) (mg/kg) 29/30 0.2, 2.2, 10.1 0.8, 3.2 45 0.8, 4.1, 13.9 0.6, 1.2 59/60 10, 4.0, 5.3 0.03, 0.7 73/75 1.5, 1.5 0.07, 0.3 87/90 0.5, 1.2, 3.1 0.03, 0.05 120/125 0.2, 0.1, 4.1 0.05, <0.01 EVALUATION APPRAISAL These data do not affect previous recommendations for levels to be expected in alfalfa hay. REFERENCES Chemagro Division of Mobay Chemical Corporation. Results of pesticides 1981 residue trials. (Unpublished)
See Also: Toxicological Abbreviations Disulfoton (ICSC) Disulfoton (WHO Pesticide Residues Series 3) Disulfoton (WHO Pesticide Residues Series 5) Disulfoton (Pesticide residues in food: 1978 evaluations) Disulfoton (Pesticide residues in food: 1979 evaluations) Disulfoton (Pesticide residues in food: 1984 evaluations) Disulfoton (Pesticide residues in food: 1991 evaluations Part II Toxicology)